Medieval kings and queens

From William the Conqueror, the first Norman king of England, who defeated Harold II at the battle of Hastings in 1066; to Henry Tudor, who took the English throne after defeating and killing Richard III at the battle of Bosworth in 1485, the medieval period is full of fascinating kings and queens. Here, we explore the best, worst and most forgotten medieval monarchs…

Edward I in parliament with the Archbishop of Canterbury; King Alexander III of Scotland; the Welsh Prince Llywelyn ab Gruffydd and the Archbishop of York. From the Wriothesley MS, 1523, published in ‘The Island Race’, a 20th-century book written by Sir Winston Churchill covering the history of the British Isles from the pre-Roman times to the Victorian era. (Photo by Universal History Archive/UIG via Getty Images)

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Edward I: man of principle or grasping opportunist?. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

Harold Godwinson’s two eldest sons fled to Ireland after the Battle of Hastings, where they lived as guests of the King of Leinster. (Photo by Duncan1890 via Getty Images)

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Q&AWhat happened to Harold Godwinson’s children after the Battle of Hastings?. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

Historian John Ashdown-Hill

Plantagenet

Richard III historian John Ashdown-Hill dies

The future Queen Elizabeth II and her husband, Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, at Buckingham Palace following their wedding, 20 November 1947. (Photo by Hulton Archive/Getty Images)

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Royal wedding traditions through history: etiquette, menus and the dress code. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

Thomas Asbridge

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Books interview with Thomas Asbridge: “Richard was a member of medieval Europe’s most dysfunctional family”. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

Medieval

The real history behind ‘The White Princess’

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Richard III reconsidered. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

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The 1267 Treaty of Montgomery: a prince’s hope for the future of Wales. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

Edward the Black Prince receiving from his father, King Edward III, the conquered provinces of France gained during the Hundred Years' War. (Photo by Hulton Archive/Getty Images)

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The Black Prince: a true prince of darkness?. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

Illustration by Sarah Young

Anglo-Saxon

Ælfthryth: England’s first queen

Robin Hood statue outside Nottingham Castle. (Getty Images)

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History Explorer: the legend of Robin Hood. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

The Temple Church, London, a late 12th-century church built for and by the Knights Templar. (Photo by LatitudeStock - David Williams/Getty Images)

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History explorer: The Knights Templar. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

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How could the son of Henry VIII become Edward VI?. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

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Royal palaces of the Hundred Years’ War. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

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On the trail of the Yorks: 8 places associated with Richard III’s family. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

Period

The most popular historical figures you've (probably) never heard of

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Members of Assassins cult kill Conrad I of Jerusalem. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

Anglo-Saxon

A brief history of Offa’s Dyke

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Game of Thrones: the real-life medieval history. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

An illustration from an 11th-century manuscript depicting a king and his minister doing justice, c1050. (Photo by Hulton Archive/Getty Images)

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Medieval English law in the time of Magna Carta. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

Joan of Kent. (Image by Getty)

Medieval

Joan of Kent: a perfect princess?

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Middle East history special. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

KRISTOFER HIVJU GAME OF THRONES

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Game of Thrones: medieval inspiration. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

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Richard III: A hostage to fortune. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

Norman

In pictures: kings and queens through history

An illustration depicting King John signing Magna Carta in 1215. (Photo by The Print Collector/Print Collector/Getty Images)

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6 Magna Carta myths explained. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

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The real King John and the BBC in World War Two. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

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Magna Carta: A turning point in English history. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

Magna Carta

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Books interview with David Starkey: "The Magna Carta of 1215 was designed to create a revolutionary regime". This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

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Magna Carta and the Holocaust. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

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