Crusades

Beginning in the late 11th century, the crusades were a series of military expeditions mounted by western European Christians in a bid to conquer the Holy Land. The first was called in November 1095 by Pope Urban II and while there is some disagreement among historians as to which campaigns to consider ‘crusades’, it is undeniable that the movement had a profound impact on eastern and western cultures and societies

Pillage of Jerusalem

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Crusading for God and gold. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

Medieval

Tragedy of the Templars: The Rise and Fall of the Crusader States

"Pope Urban II’s address at the Council of Clermont, the moment that triggered the First Crusade, has gone down as perhaps the most influential speech in history," writes Sandbrook. (Fine Art Images/Heritage Images/Getty Images)

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A big day in history: The day Pope Urban II exhorted Christians to go on crusade. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

Richard I (also known as Richard the Lionheart) frequently dated documents with the 'regnal year'. An example of this might be "Winchester on the 23 day of April in the fifth year of our reign", which would translate to 23 April 1194. (Fine Art Images/Heritage Images/Getty Images)

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A legacy of the lionheart. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

The Siege of Antioch during the First Crusade, c1200. (Fine Art Images/Heritage Images/Getty Images)

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Why Islam crushed the crusaders. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

Medieval

Knights Templar: not guilty

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Britain under Roman rule and the truth about the crusades. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

A Saracen attack on Crusaders, from the French manuscript 'Chroniques de Saint Denis', c1200. (Photo by Hulton Archive/Getty Images)

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Traders and crusaders. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

BBC History Magazine

The Crusades: The War for the Holy Land

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Cromwell's words, Richard's crusades and the 1930s. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

The burning of Templars (From: De casibus virorum illustrium by Giovanni Boccaccio). Artist: Master of the White inscriptions (active ca 1480)

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The Templars on trial: a very muted inquisition. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

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