Second World War - Getty Images

Second World War

The Second World War, which started on 1 September 1939, was fought between two groups of countries: on one side were the Axis Powers (primarily Germany, Italy and Japan); and on the other side were the Allies (which included Britain, France, the Soviet Union, China and America, plus Australia, Canada, New Zealand and India). The war broke out when Germany, which was ruled by Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party, invaded Poland in 1939. Britain and France declared war on Germany two days later, on 3 September 1939. It has been estimated that more than 50 million people died in the Second World War, including an estimated six million Jewish people in the Nazi genocide. The conflict ended on 2 September 1945 when Japan formally surrendered to the Allies

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British soldiers on the front of El Alamein. (Photo by Mondadori Portfolio via Getty Images)

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Herbert 'Blondie' Hasler (left) pictured with Bill Sparks and Mary Lindell. It was "his ability to take ordinary men and give them the confidence and skills to do extraordinary things" that made him a hero, says Paddy Ashdown. (Photo by Keystone/Hulton Archive/Getty Images)

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My history hero: ‘Blondie’ Hasler (1914–87). This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

Second World War

The dark charisma of Adolf Hitler

A British waitress serves American servicemen inside Rainbow Corner, Piccadilly, January 1945. (Getty Images)

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Where history happened: life on the home front. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

The battle of the Nile, fought at night in the Abu Qir Bay near Alexandria. (Art Media/Print Collector/Getty Images)

Second World War

Britain’s 10 most significant naval battles

Industrial might: Blenheim bombers in production in England, late 1939. The Allies’ combined industrial strength proved too much for the Axis. (Getty Images) 

Second World War

The LibraryThe world in flames

Second World War

German bomber insurance

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It’s time we ditched the myth of German small-arms supremacy. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

Hitler greets admirers when he was still enormously popular. (Hulton-Deutsch Collection/CORBIS/Corbis via Getty Images)

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Dear Mr Hitler. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

'Tirpitz' hiding in a Norwegian fjord in 1942. “She outclassed anything in the British fleet,” says Patrick Bishop. (Getty Images) 

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The Second World War: sinking the Tirpitz. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

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Q&A: Music as a ‘psych-weapon'. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

German scientists Dr Carl Eisenmann, Dr Mersch, Dr Trabat and Dr Stocklin. (Express/Getty Images)

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The intelligence war for German scientists. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

Chair used for the last execution at the Tower of London, c1940. Wooden chair on which the German Corporal Josef Jakobs was seated when he was shot as a spy in the Tower of London in August 1941. Two of the spindles have been shot away and the frame broken by bullets. Jakobs, who was seated due to an injured leg, was the last person to be executed at the Tower of London. (Credit: The Board of Trustees of the Armouries / HIP / TopFoto)

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Second World War

Operation Garbo: The Personal Story of the Most Successful Spy of World War II

It was in this villa in the Berlin suburb of Wannsee that one of history’s most infamous conferences was staged. (Getty) 

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Marie-Madeleine Fourcade, the leader of a network of French resistance agents during the Second World War. (Photo by AFP/Getty Images)

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Guy Gibson (centre) with members of his squadron. (Photo by Keystone/Getty Images)

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The triumph of the Dambusters. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

The prisoner of war camp Stalag Luft III. Famous for being the location of the ‘Great Escape’, it was home to Ron Last for ten months. (Photo by Hulton Archive/Getty Images)

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The long road home. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

A woman at a floral tribute to Neville Chamberlain at a florist in Ludgate Circus, London, 1938. In the wake of the Munich agreement, the prime minister was understood to be a hero of women everywhere. (Photo by Harry Todd/Getty Images)

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The LibraryGuilty women?. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

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Second World War arctic convoys. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

English soldiers in the ruins of Palmyre in charge of taking over the Syrian Territory occupied by Vichy’s France. (Photo by Keystone-France/Gamma-Keystone via Getty Images)

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The untold Second World War. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

Second World War

First World War shells

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Keith LoweThe trouble with historical monuments. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

Vasily Grossman with the Red Army in Schwerin, Germany, 1945. (Photo by Fine Art Images/Heritage Images/Getty Images)

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A war of words. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

Hans Litten (centre) in court while representing communists, 25 August 1932. Litten’s decision to subpoena Hitler a year earlier was to cost him his life. (Photo by ullstein bild/ullstein bild via Getty Images)

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In his last official photo, Adolf Hitler leaves the safety of his bunker to award decorations to members of Hitler Youth. (Photo by Keystone Features/Getty Images)

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Second World War

Murmansk

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Field Marshal Harold Alexander, pictured in 1943. (Photo by The Print Collector/Getty Images)

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My history heroField Marshal Harold Alexander (1891–1969). This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

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