A 17th century Dutch portrait of Queen Mary I of England (1516-1558), eldest daughter of Henry VIII. She was nicknamed "Bloody Mary" for her persecution of English Protestants. The painting hangs in the Dutch Room of the Gardner Museum in Boston. | Located in: Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum. (Photo by Kevin Fleming/Corbis/VCG via Getty Images)

Mary Tudor

Mary I (1516–58) was the daughter of Henry VIII and his first wife, Catherine of Aragon. Mary succeeded the English throne following the death of her half-brother Edward VI in 1553. Mary married Philip of Spain (later King Philip II of Spain) in July 1554. The couple had no children, so Mary was succeeded by her half-sister, Elizabeth (who became Elizabeth I). Mary is remembered for being the first queen regnant of England and for burning nearly 300 Protestant men, women and children during her reign, which caused her to be known posthumously as “Bloody Mary”

A historical portrait of a person in a dark fur‑trimmed garment and black hat is placed before the ruins of a stone building, with a moody, clouded sky behind.

Tudor

The 'Nine Days Queen' is one of England's most controversial monarchs - here's why

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Episode 4Mary I: England’s most misunderstood queen?. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

A collage of Tudor figures. Each square shows a different monarch or noble figure in 16th‑ or early‑17th‑century dress, including ruffs, jewelled headpieces, and richly decorated garments. Recognisable figures such as Henry VIII, Anne Boleyn, Mary I, Elizabeth I, and James I appear among the portraits. The grid highlights variations in artistic style, clothing, and facial depiction across the period.

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Think you know everything about the Tudors? Here are 15 facts that will prove you wrong. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

A digital collage mixes close‑up sections of a painted face with modern geometric shapes in yellow, blue, gray, white, and rust‑red, intersected by black lines. A necklace with a gold letter “B” and pearl drops appears among the fragments.

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What did Anne Boleyn REALLY look like? Our new research could change everything. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

A collaged picture shows a marble statue of Elizabeth I wearing a large crown on the left, and a portrait of King James I, dressed in a red and white robe and crown on the right

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The lie of succession: did James I steal Elizabeth I's crown?. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

A portrait of Mary I, queen of England

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Mary I: your guide to the life and rule of Henry VIII's daughter – plus a timeline and 7 little-known facts

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What was Mary Tudor and Thomas Cromwell's relationship – did they plan to marry?

The Family of Henry VIII

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The ultimate Tudor quiz. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

HistoryExtra Masterclass: Tudor Royal Women with Tracy Borman

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Tudor Royal Women with Tracy BormanRivals to the Throne. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

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The Tudors: 51 moments that shaped the royal dynasty

Mary Tudor with her five stepmothers

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Mary Tudor and her five stepmothers: what was their relationship like?

Anthonis Mor's portrait of Mary I from 1554

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Mary Tudor: brutal but brilliant

Half-sisters and daughters of Henry VIII: Mary Tudor (left) and Elizabeth I, who both reigned as queen of England. (Photos by Getty Images)

ElizabethanvideoDid Elizabeth I and her half-sister, Mary Tudor, have a good relationship? Historian Tracy Borman explains

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The Tudors, everything you wanted to know. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

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Mary I: the forgotten trailblazer. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

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Mary I’s phantom pregnancy. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

Portrait of Mary I of England, from the collection of the Museo del Prado, Madrid. (Photo by Fine Art Images/Heritage Images/Getty Images)

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Mary I: a highly impressive queen cut off in her prime

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History quiz - Queens of England. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

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The LibraryThe conquest of Wales and Mary I. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.